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Pavlovian Conditioning of Taste Aversion Using a Motion Sickness Paradigm

From the Institutes of Medical Psychology (S.K., U.S.) and Psychology (A.R., E.K., Th.P.), Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf; Department of Internal Medicine (B.O., R.L.R.), University of Munich, Munich; and Department of General Surgery (P.E.), University of Tübingen, Germany.

View larger version (17K): [in a new window]   Fig. 1. Time sequence of CS presentations (CS+, CS-), nausea rating (R), blood sampling (B), intravenous catheter placement (C) and rotation during acquisition in the experimental conditioning group. In the control group, the sequence of water and juice was reversed. During the test session, both groups received water in the hospital and juice in the rotation chair. All other interventions were identical for both groups and at both occasions.

View larger version (14K): [in a new window]   Fig. 2. ACTH, ADH, and PP levels (pmol/l) pre- and post-rotation during acquisition. Increases in ACTH and ADH were highly significant; no effect of rotation on PP levels.

View larger version (19K): [in a new window]   Fig. 3. Consumption of elderberry juice and water (in ml) during acquisition and at test day in the conditioning and the control group.